Each hill has a target point for landing, known as a “K” point. The K-point is where the steepest part of the hill ends and slope starts to flatten out. The K-point on a normal hill is 90 meters, referred to as (K90) which is measured from the end of the take off to where the hill begins to flatten out.
The wind score is calculated based on the strength and direction of the wind at the time any athlete jumps. If conditions help the jumper go a bit father - like if there's a strong headwind that can give them more lift - points are deducted. If conditions are likely to slow them down, points are added.
A K90 meter jump means that it is 90 meters from the end of the take off to where the hill begins to flatten out or “K” point.
The normal hill event was introduced in 1964. Its height was set at 70 m (230 ft) and remained so until 1992, when it was moved up to its current height of 90 m (295 ft). Nations compete in three events: individual normal hill, individual large hill, and team (which is contested on the large hill).
Competitions are held on carefully graded and prepared hills, classed according to the distance from the takeoff point that most skiers could travel and still land safely; most senior international events, including the Olympics, are contested at 120 and 90 metres (393.7 and 295.275 feet)—large hill and normal hill, ...
Ski jumpers are never more than 10 to 15 ft above the ground while flying. They follow the curve of the hill and land 100 m from the end of the ramp.
All major ski jumping competitions are organised by the International Ski Federation. Stefan Kraft holds the official record for the world's longest ski jump with 253.5 metres (832 ft), set on the ski flying hill in Vikersund in 2017.
"To project the to-beat line on the landing area a modified show laser with an optical power of approx. 12 watt is used. The laser works with highly concentrated light with a wavelength of 512 nanometer, which is equivalent to green, the color that the human eye is most sensitive to.
How is ski jumping scored? Jumpers are scored based on distance jumped and style points earned, alongside gate and wind compensation points. The distance is measured along the curve of the landing hill from the take-off point to the exact place where the jumper's feet touch the landing slope.
In Olympic ski jumping, scoring is the same as in most other ski jumping competitions. Distance points are awarded based upon the number of meters traveled past the K-point of the hill, and style points are awarded by five separate judges on a scale of 0 to 20, with the highest and lowest scores being eliminated.
Matti Nykänen, (born July 17, 1963, Jyväskylä, Finland—died February 3, 2019), Finnish ski jumper who was arguably the finest performer in the history of his sport.
There is a fall line at the end that is used as a judging mark. Anything from takeoff to the fall line will be judged, meaning a jumper who falls before the fall line will lose points. Jumps are evaluated by the distance traveled and the style of the jump.
Rules of Ski Jumping
The first round consists of 50 jumpers who each get two jumps. Only valid jumps in which the jumper successfully lands without touching the ground with their hands are counted. All jumps are assessed by five judges. Landings are videotaped to ensure exact measuring.
These guys train in wind tunnels, and at some point, it might have become obvious that the flow of air over the body, and lift, was enhanced just a bit with an open mouth. If it make an inch or two of difference, it would be worth it to them.
Skiers start high up on a slope then ski downhill to generate speed. They minimize drag by crouching down and carefully steer to reduce friction between the skis and ramp. By the time they reach the end they can be going 60 miles per hour (96kph).
The pants are often designed in a baggy style, which gives the skier freedom to move in any direction. You'll notice this with snowboarder's pants especially. The baggy style also offers plenty of space underneath for extra layers of clothing to keep warm.
The in-run normally has an angle of 38 to 36 degrees, which then curves into a transition; the last part of the in-run, the take-off, typically has an angle between 7 and 12 degrees downhill.
They try to avoid making contact with the sides of ice-filled channels go as fast as 100 kph (62 mph) to help them fly farther. Jumpers lead with their helmet, throw their hands back and crouch low into a tuck with a flat back for aerodynamics.
The K-point is where the steepest part of the hill ends and slope starts to flatten out. The K-point on a normal hill is 90 meters, referred to as (K90) which is measured from the end of the take off to where the hill begins to flatten out. On a large hill, the K-point is120 meters, or K120.
The world record for farthest ski jump is currently held by Austria's Stefan Kraft, whose 253.5-meter jump at the 2017 FIS Ski Jumping World Cup currently sits as the longest in history.
Wedge Christie turns are characterized by the presence of a wedge in the initiation phase of the turn, and by the gradual steering of the skis (inside more than outside) to achieve a parallel skidded turn sometime during the shaping or early finish phase of the turn.
You may notice that skiers kick out/push off at the start gaits, and this is because it can kickstart the acceleration. In order to increase the speeds they're reaching, skiers work to minimise their resistance to motion (known as the drag force) with appropriate, aerodynamic clothing and advanced equipment.
How do ski jumpers train? During the summer and early fall, elite ski jumpers spend three days a week in the gym and three days jump training. Gym work-outs include weight training and plyometrics or "plyos", which are exercises that make muscles exert maximum force in a short amount of time.